Dilemma X

Jay-Z is not the first regarding talks of African American ownership in the NFL There is a lot of discussion taking place regarding Shawn C. Carter’s (Jay-Z) Roc Nation and the NFL’s announced partnership around social justice. The NFL partnership will make Jay-Z and his Roc Nation agency a co-producer of the Super Bowl halftime […]

A historical look back at Joe Biden’s position against busing in 1975 Busing was a tool used for racial desegregation in American public school systems These historical newspaper articles gives a brief overview at what the then young U.S. Senator Joe Biden’s anti-busing amendment aimed to do with regard to the anti-busing bill that was […]

In 1911, Booker T. Washington was attacked for being an African American in New York City This is a brief look back, as reported in American newspapers, when Booker T. Washington was attacked for simply being an African American man in New York City. Born enslaved in Virginia in 1856, upon his gradating from Hampton […]

A look back at the black/African descent demographics of Cuba, Puerto Rico and Dominican Republic This is a brief look back, as reported in American newspapers, at the black/African descent populations within 3 Spanish speaking regions of the Caribbean: Puerto Rico, Cuba and Dominican Republic. In the United States there is often confusion that there […]

Fourth of July during the era of slavery and the year slavery ended in the United States -Guam and Hawaii 1900 This is a brief historical look back at newspapers on Independence Day in the United States – Fourth of July, during the era of slavery. Also, this is a brief look back at the […]

Historical Flashback: How poor whites in the South were used during the U.S. Civil War Today, there is an aggressive rise of open xenophobic views in the United States. It’s not new. Post the 1960s some Americans became cautious or were even embarrassed to expose their xenophobic beliefs outside of their peer groups. The use […]

Venezuela and The Monroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine was articulated in President James Monroe’s seventh annual message to Congress on December 2, 1823. The European powers, according to Monroe, were obligated to respect the Western Hemisphere as the United States’ sphere of interest. The Monroe Doctrine is the best known U.S. policy toward the Western […]

Flashback: A brief look at when historically black universities in the MEAC and SWAC transitioned to NCAA Division I This is a brief look back at the history of when MEAC and SWAC universities transitioned to NCAA Division I as reported in the newspapers. First, a brief look at the NCAA and the histories of […]

All monuments and flags honoring or memorializing the Confederate States of America represents symbols of treason to the United States of America President Abraham Lincoln clearly stated that the Confederate States of America and all of its soldiers, who raised weapons of war against the United States, were officially guilty of treason against America. Robert […]

Historical Flashback: A look at the use of the term African American in the press This is a historical flashback on the use of the nomenclature “African American” as a vernacular to describe people of African descent in the United States. People of African descent, in the United States, prior to the end of slavery […]